Draper Manuscripts: Tecumseh Papers, 1811-1931

Container Title
Series: 10 YY (Volume 10)
Scope and Content Note

Entirely letters and articles written for Draper in the 1880s by Henry S. Halbert (1837-1916), a native of Alabama and resident of Mississippi. Following the Civil War, Halbert engaged in educational work among the Choctaw and began to gather recollections and traditions on the Revolution in the South, on the southern Indians, and on the Creek War. Much of his material on the Revolutionary era pertains to persons and events in or near South Carolina: the battle of Cowpens; the Tory William Cunningham; Horatio Gates; Mrs. John Harrington and Patrick Moore; the massacre at Hays's Station; Edward Lacey, his wife, and Mrs. Christian Huck. One paper relates to the battle of Nickajack; another contains detailed reminiscences from Stephen Smith about Thomas Sumter and the pursuit of a runaway Negro slave harbored by the Catawba.

Most of Halbert's writings, however, concern the Creek and Choctaw Indians in the decade from 1810 to 1820.

Included are narratives about Tecumseh's visit to the South in 1811 discussing his oratory; his companion, the Shawnee prophet Seekaboo; and Tecumseh's association with Pierre Juzan, a trader among the Choctaw. Other biographical accounts and anecdotes relate to two other leaders, William Weatherford of the Creek Indians and Pushmataha of the Choctaw. Extensive articles cover the Creek War: the massacre at Fort Mims; the battles of Burnt Corn, the Horse-shoe, the Holy Ground and Caleebe Swamp; the attack on Fort Sinquefield; depredations in the vicinity of Fort Madison; the capture of Mrs. William Jones in Georgia; the participation of the Choctaw in the conflict; and the barbarity of whites as well as of Indians in this warfare. Scattered through this volume are recollections of a black participant, Dick Embree (Embry), who had been at Fort Madison and Fort Mims and had known Weatherford and others in the Creek War. Among other names mentioned in the Halbert papers are Stephen Lacey; Nehemiah Page; “Wild Bill” Thurman; Charles Weatherford; the Choctaw leaders, Hoentubbee, Hopaii Iskitini, Mashulatubbee, and Stonie Hadjo; and the Muscogee chief Semottie. Much of his data on the Creek War Halbert and his co-author, T.H. Ball, published after Draper's death in their book, The Creek War of 1813 and 1814 (1895). Other papers of Halbert, Draper filed in 4 Y.

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